The package aims to make the 2017 Trump tax cuts permanent, which could prevent a significant tax increase for many Americans, and includes additional relief for workers and investment incentives. It also involves spending cuts, border security measures, and changes to programs like Medicaid.

Speaker Mike Johnson is struggling to hold together a fragile GOP coalition. Conservative factions are demanding more substantial cuts to Medicaid and green energy programs, creating tension within the party and complicating the path to a Memorial Day vote.

Critics argue that the tax cuts could increase the national debt by $3-5 trillion due to reduced government revenue from lower tax rates.