An expedition in Alto Mayo, Peru, has identified at least 27 new species, including an amphibious mouse and a blob-headed fish. The findings exemplify the biodiversity present in regions under human influence. Collaborative efforts with the local Awajún people were key, highlighting traditional knowledge in conservation. Additional studies may confirm up to 48 more possible species, reinforcing the necessity of protecting these fragile ecosystems amid threats from deforestation and agricultural expansion.