Scientists Uncover Genetic Mystery Behind Orange Cats
New research reveals that the distinct orange coloration in cats comes from a deletion in a gene on the X chromosome, primarily affecting male cats.
Overview
Groundbreaking studies by teams at Stanford University and Kyushu University have uncovered the genetic mutation causing orange coloration in cats, attributed to a deletion in the ARHGAP36 gene on the X chromosome. This mutation increases gene activity in melanocytes, the cells responsible for pigment. The findings not only elucidate why orange cats are predominantly male but also open doors for further research into feline health. These studies, funded by cat lovers, mark a significant advancement in understanding feline genetics and coat coloration.
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BBC News·2M·FAQ
The orange coloration in cats is due to a deletion mutation in the ARHGAP36 gene located on the X chromosome, which affects the production of pigment in melanocytes.
Most orange cats are male because they have only one X chromosome. If that X chromosome carries the mutation, they will be entirely orange. Female cats, with two X chromosomes, need both to carry the mutation to be entirely orange, which is less likely.
In female cats, the presence of the orange mutation on one X chromosome leads to a tortoiseshell or calico pattern due to random X-chromosome inactivation, where one X chromosome is inactivated in each cell.
This discovery opens doors for further research into feline genetics and health, as understanding the genetic basis of coat coloration can provide insights into other biological processes in cats.
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