Scientists Uncover Cause of Devastating Sea Star Die-Off
Scientists have identified Vibrio pectenicida bacteria as the cause of the sea star wasting disease, which killed over 5 billion sea stars along the Pacific coast since 2013, impacting marine ecosystems.
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Overview
- Scientists have solved the mystery behind the sea star wasting disease, which caused a mass die-off of over 5 billion sea stars, including a 90% loss of sunflower sea stars, along the Pacific coast of North America.
- The devastating epidemic, which began in 2013 and affected over 20 species from Mexico to Alaska, took researchers over a decade to accurately identify its specific cause.
- The identified culprit is Vibrio pectenicida, a bacterium found infecting shellfish, which was determined to be the direct cause of death for the billions of sea stars and starfish.
- The significant decline in sea star populations has led to an explosion in sea urchin numbers, highlighting the crucial role healthy sea stars play in maintaining balanced marine ecosystems.
- With the cause now known, scientists aim to use these findings to restore sea star populations, potentially through testing and relocating healthy individuals for breeding, and to help regrow vital kelp forests.
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Analysis
Center-leaning sources cover the scientific breakthrough regarding the sea star wasting disease with a neutral, informative tone. They focus on presenting the facts of the discovery, the scientific process, and the ecological implications without employing loaded language or selective emphasis. The reporting prioritizes clarity and the direct communication of scientific findings.
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FAQ
The bacterium Vibrio pectenicida has been identified as the cause of sea star wasting disease.
The bacterium causes sea stars to develop lesions and contorted arms, leading to melting of their tissues and death within about two weeks after exposure.
The decline of sea stars, particularly sunflower sea stars, has led to an explosion in sea urchin populations, which have overgrazed kelp forests, thereby disrupting habitats crucial for numerous marine species.
Scientists aim to restore populations by testing for the bacterium, relocating healthy sea stars for breeding programs, and using antibiotic treatments targeting Vibrio pectenicida to protect captive and wild individuals.
The severity and speed of the disease progression depend on the bacterial dose, with symptoms appearing as soon as 5-9 days and death occurring within 6-12 days after exposure.
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